Literacy in Composition Studies Mar 2019 RSS Open Access

“People Like Us”: Theorizing First-Generation College as a Marker of Difference

Chase Bollig Gonzaga University

Abstract

Although composition scholars have long advocated for working-class and under-represented populations on campus, the emergence of “first-generation college” as a marker of difference in public, administrative, and scholarly discourses invites further consideration of how we theorize this marker. As a bureaucratic marker (originating in higher education administration) that exhibits potential for organizing students for self-advocacy across difference, “first-generation college” warrants particular attention from scholars interested in the intersections between literacy studies and rhetoric. This article initiates a conversation about FGC as a marker of difference, observing that the bureaucratic and rhetorical nature of “first-generation college” as a marker necessitates a constitutive rhetorical approach to the term, an investigation of how the use of the term articulates a literate positionality, situates it within local and cultural narratives, and assigns it value. Placing composition scholarship in conversation with interviews with 17 first-generation college and low-income students and alumni of a large state university, this article reads first-generation college literate positionality in light of students’ own use of the identifier and within the context of their accounts of navigating class difference in college.

Journal
Literacy in Composition Studies
Published
2019-03-30
DOI
10.21623/1.7.1.3
CompPile
Open Access
OA PDF Gold
Topics
Export
BibTeX RIS

Citation context

Cited by in this index (2)

  1. Barrón et al. (2021)
    Misguided Expectations: The Ideological Framework of the Autonomous Model
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  2. Barrón et al. (2021)
    Misguided Expectations: The Ideological Framework of the Autonomous Model
    Literacy in Composition Studies

References (325) · 170 in this index

  1. Auclair, Remy, et al. First-Generation Students: A Promising Concept? Montreal: Canada Millennium Scholarship…
  2. Bailey, Olivia. Focus Group. 27 Mar. 2014.
  3. Baker, Clinton. Personal Interview. 24 Apr. 2014.
     ↗
  4. Barlow, Aaron, and Patrick Corbett. “Implications of Redefining ‘Working Class’ in the Urban Composition Clas…
     ↗
  5. Bartholomae, David. “Inventing the University.” Writing on the Margins: Essays on Composition and Teaching. B…
     ↗
Show all 325 →
  1. Beech (2004)
    Redneck and Hillbilly Discourse in the Writing Classroom: Classifying Critical …
    College English
  2. Bloom (1996)
    Freshman Composition as a Middle-Class Enterprise
    College English
  3. Burton, Sadie. Focus Group. 27 Mar. 2014.
  4. Cataldi, Emily Forrest, et al. First-Generation Students: College Access, Persistence, and Postbachelor’s Out…
  5. Charmaz, Kathy. “Grounded Theory as an Emergent Method.” Handbook of Emergent Methods. Eds. Sharlene Nagy Hes…
  6. Clary-Lemon (2009)
    The Racialization of Composition Studies: Scholarly Rhetoric of Race Since 1990
    College Composition and Communication
  7. Daniel (2017)
    Freshman Composition as a Precariat Enterprise
    College English
  8. Dominguez, Juan. Personal Interview. 17 Mar. 2014.
  9. Evans, Leah. Personal Interview. 24 Apr. 2014.
     ↗
  10. Fox (1999)
    Defending Access: A Critique of Standards in Higher Education
    College Composition and Communication
  11. Griffith, Edgar. Personal Interview. 25 Apr. 2014.
     ↗
  12. Guerra, Jennifer. “Fitting in on Campus: Challenges for First-Generation Students.” NPR.Org, 16 Feb. 2015. We…
  13. Harris, Orin. Personal Interview. 18 Apr. 2014.
  14. Hoxby, Caroline, and Christopher Avery. “The Missing ‘One-Offs’: The Hidden Supply of High-Achieving, Low-Inc…
     ↗
  15. Kerschbaum, Stephanie L. Toward a New Rhetoric of Difference. Urbana: National Council of Teachers of English…
  16. Lamb, Julia. Focus Group. 27 Mar. 2014.
  17. LeCourt (2006)
    Performing Working-Class Identity in Composition: Toward a Pedagogy of Textual …
    College English
  18. Lindquist (2004)
    Class Affects, Classroom Affectations: Working through the Paradoxes of Strateg…
    College English
  19. Little, Dan. Personal Interview. 22 Apr. 2014.
  20. Lu, Min-Zhan. “Writing as Repositioning.” Journal of Education 172.2 (1990): 18-21. Print. https://doi.org/10…
     ↗
  21. Lucas, Kristen. “The Working Class Promise: A Communicative Account of Mobility-Based Ambivalences.” Communic…
     ↗
  22. Mack (2006)
    Ethical Representation of Working-Class Lives: Multiple Genres, Voices, and Ide…
    Pedagogy
  23. Mathis, Camille. Personal Interview. 26 Apr. 2014.
     ↗
  24. Moreno, Boyd. Personal Interview. 14 May 2014.
  25. Murray, Walter. Personal Interview. 16 Apr. 2014.
  26. O’Dair (2003)
    Class Work: Site of Egalitarian Activism or Site of Embourgeoisement?
    College English
  27. Orbe, Mark P. “Negotiating Multiple Identities Within Multiple Frames: An Analysis of First‐generation Colleg…
     ↗
  28. Pappano, Laura. “First-Generation Students Unite.” The New York Times 8 Apr. 2015. NYTimes.com. Web.
  29. Parker, Terri. Personal Interview. 17 Apr. 2014.
  30. Prendergast, Catherine. Literacy and Racial Justice: The Politics of Learning After Brown V. Board of Educati…
  31. Price, Nick. Personal Interview. 16 Apr. 2014.
  32. Rawlings, Da’vante. Personal Interview. 17 Mar. 2014.
  33. Redford, Jeremy, and Kathleen Mulvaney Hoyer. First-Generation and Continuing-Generation College Students: A …
  34. Roberson, Janice. Personal Interview. 29 May 2014.
  35. Robillard (2003)
    It’s Time for Class: Toward a More Complex Pedagogy of Narrative
    College English
  36. Roper, Edie-Marie, and Mike Edwards. “Changing Definitions of Work and Class in the Information Economy.” Cla…
     ↗
  37. Royster, Jacqueline Jones. Traces of a Stream: Literacy and Social Change among African American Women. U of …
     ↗
  38. Saenz, Victor B., et al. First in My Family: A Profile of First-Generation College Students at Four-Year Inst…
  39. Saldaña, Johnny. The Coding Manual for Qualitative Researchers. 2nd ed. Los Angeles: SAGE, 2013.
  40. Smith, Ashley A. “Who’s in First (Generation)?” Inside Higher Education. 10 Nov. 2015. Web. https://www.insid…
  41. Strauss, Anselm, and Juliet Corbin, eds. Grounded Theory in Practice. Thousand Oaks: SAGE, 1997.
  42. Tingle (2004)
    OPINION:The Vexation of Class
    College English
  43. Vieira (2013)
    On the Social Consequences of Literacy
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  44. Ward, Lee, et al. First-Generation College Students: Understanding and Improving the Experience from Recruitm…
  45. Wetherbee (2017)
    Literacy and Rhetoric as Complementary Keywords
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  46. Wilkins, Maria. Personal Interview. 22 Apr. 2014.
  47. Zebroski, James Thomas. “Social Class as Discourse: Mapping the Landscape of Class in Rhetoric and Compositio…
  48. Barlow, Aaron, and Patrick Corbett. “Implications of Redefining ‘Working Class’ in the Urban Composition Cla…
     ↗
  49. Bartholomae et al. (2011)
    Reconsiderations: “Inventing the University” at 25: An Interview with David Bar…
    College English
  50. Beech (2004)
    Redneck and Hillbilly Discourse in the Writing Classroom: Classifying Critical …
    College English
  51. Bloom (1996)
    Freshman Composition as a Middle-Class Enterprise
    College English
  52. Hoxby, Caroline, and Christopher Avery. “The Missing ‘One-Offs’: The Hidden Supply of High-Achieving, Low-In…
     ↗
  53. LeCourt (2006)
    Performing Working-Class Identity in Composition: Toward a Pedagogy of Textual …
    College English
  54. Lindquist (2004)
    Class Affects, Classroom Affectations: Working through the Paradoxes of Strateg…
    College English
  55. Lu, Min-Zhan. “Writing as Repositioning.”Journal of Education172.2 (1990): 18-21. Print. https://doi.org/10.1…
     ↗
  56. Lucas, Kristen. “The Working Class Promise: A Communicative Account of Mobility-Based Ambivalences.”Communic…
     ↗
  57. Mack (2006)
    Ethical Representation of Working-Class Lives: Multiple Genres, Voices, and Ide…
    Pedagogy
  58. O'Dair (2003)
    Class Work: Site of Egalitarian Activism or Site of Embourgeoisement?
    College English
  59. Orbe, Mark P. “Negotiating Multiple Identities Within Multiple Frames: An Analysis of First‐generation Colle…
     ↗
  60. Robillard (2003)
    It's Time for Class: Toward a More Complex Pedagogy of Narrative
    College English
  61. Roper, Edie-Marie, and Mike Edwards. “Changing Definitions of Work and Class in the Information Economy.”Cla…
     ↗
  62. Tingle (2004)
    Opinion: The Vexation of Class
    College English
  63. Vieira (2013)
    On the Social Consequences of Literacy
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  64. Wetherbee (2017)
    Literacy and Rhetoric as Complementary Keywords
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  65. Barlow, Aaron, and Patrick Corbett. “Implications of Redefining ‘Working Class’ in the Urban Composition Cla…
     ↗
  66. Bartholomae et al. (2011)
    Reconsiderations: “Inventing the University” at 25: An Interview with David Bar…
    College English
  67. Beech (2004)
    Redneck and Hillbilly Discourse in the Writing Classroom: Classifying Critical …
    College English
  68. Bloom (1996)
    Freshman Composition as a Middle-Class Enterprise
    College English
  69. Hoxby, Caroline, and Christopher Avery. “The Missing ‘One-Offs’: The Hidden Supply of High-Achieving, Low-In…
     ↗
  70. LeCourt (2006)
    Performing Working-Class Identity in Composition: Toward a Pedagogy of Textual …
    College English
  71. Lindquist (2004)
    Class Affects, Classroom Affectations: Working through the Paradoxes of Strateg…
    College English
  72. Lu, Min-Zhan. “Writing as Repositioning.”Journal of Education172.2 (1990): 18-21. Print. https://doi.org/10.1…
     ↗
  73. Lucas, Kristen. “The Working Class Promise: A Communicative Account of Mobility-Based Ambivalences.”Communic…
     ↗
  74. Mack (2006)
    Ethical Representation of Working-Class Lives: Multiple Genres, Voices, and Ide…
    Pedagogy
  75. O'Dair (2003)
    Class Work: Site of Egalitarian Activism or Site of Embourgeoisement?
    College English
  76. Orbe, Mark P. “Negotiating Multiple Identities Within Multiple Frames: An Analysis of First‐generation Colle…
     ↗
  77. Robillard (2003)
    It's Time for Class: Toward a More Complex Pedagogy of Narrative
    College English
  78. Roper, Edie-Marie, and Mike Edwards. “Changing Definitions of Work and Class in the Information Economy.”Cla…
     ↗
  79. Tingle (2004)
    Opinion: The Vexation of Class
    College English
  80. Vieira (2013)
    On the Social Consequences of Literacy
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  81. Wetherbee (2017)
    Literacy and Rhetoric as Complementary Keywords
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  82. Barlow, Aaron, and Patrick Corbett. “Implications of Redefining ‘Working Class’ in the Urban Composition Cla…
     ↗
  83. Bartholomae et al. (2011)
    Reconsiderations: “Inventing the University” at 25: An Interview with David Bar…
    College English
  84. Beech (2004)
    Redneck and Hillbilly Discourse in the Writing Classroom: Classifying Critical …
    College English
  85. Bloom (1996)
    Freshman Composition as a Middle-Class Enterprise
    College English
  86. Hoxby, Caroline, and Christopher Avery. “The Missing ‘One-Offs’: The Hidden Supply of High-Achieving, Low-In…
     ↗
  87. LeCourt (2006)
    Performing Working-Class Identity in Composition: Toward a Pedagogy of Textual …
    College English
  88. Lindquist (2004)
    Class Affects, Classroom Affectations: Working through the Paradoxes of Strateg…
    College English
  89. Lu, Min-Zhan. “Writing as Repositioning.”Journal of Education172.2 (1990): 18-21. Print. https://doi.org/10.1…
     ↗
  90. Lucas, Kristen. “The Working Class Promise: A Communicative Account of Mobility-Based Ambivalences.”Communic…
     ↗
  91. Mack (2006)
    Ethical Representation of Working-Class Lives: Multiple Genres, Voices, and Ide…
    Pedagogy
  92. O'Dair (2003)
    Class Work: Site of Egalitarian Activism or Site of Embourgeoisement?
    College English
  93. Orbe, Mark P. “Negotiating Multiple Identities Within Multiple Frames: An Analysis of First‐generation Colle…
     ↗
  94. Robillard (2003)
    It's Time for Class: Toward a More Complex Pedagogy of Narrative
    College English
  95. Roper, Edie-Marie, and Mike Edwards. “Changing Definitions of Work and Class in the Information Economy.”Cla…
     ↗
  96. Tingle (2004)
    Opinion: The Vexation of Class
    College English
  97. Vieira (2013)
    On the Social Consequences of Literacy
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  98. Wetherbee (2017)
    Literacy and Rhetoric as Complementary Keywords
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  99. Barlow, Aaron, and Patrick Corbett. “Implications of Redefining ‘Working Class’ in the Urban Composition Cla…
     ↗
  100. Bartholomae et al. (2011)
    Reconsiderations: “Inventing the University” at 25: An Interview with David Bar…
    College English
  101. Beech (2004)
    Redneck and Hillbilly Discourse in the Writing Classroom: Classifying Critical …
    College English
  102. Bloom (1996)
    Freshman Composition as a Middle-Class Enterprise
    College English
  103. Hoxby, Caroline, and Christopher Avery. “The Missing ‘One-Offs’: The Hidden Supply of High-Achieving, Low-In…
     ↗
  104. LeCourt (2006)
    Performing Working-Class Identity in Composition: Toward a Pedagogy of Textual …
    College English
  105. Lindquist (2004)
    Class Affects, Classroom Affectations: Working through the Paradoxes of Strateg…
    College English
  106. Lu, Min-Zhan. “Writing as Repositioning.”Journal of Education172.2 (1990): 18-21. Print. https://doi.org/10.1…
     ↗
  107. Lucas, Kristen. “The Working Class Promise: A Communicative Account of Mobility-Based Ambivalences.”Communic…
     ↗
  108. Mack (2006)
    Ethical Representation of Working-Class Lives: Multiple Genres, Voices, and Ide…
    Pedagogy
  109. O'Dair (2003)
    Class Work: Site of Egalitarian Activism or Site of Embourgeoisement?
    College English
  110. Orbe, Mark P. “Negotiating Multiple Identities Within Multiple Frames: An Analysis of First‐generation Colle…
     ↗
  111. Robillard (2003)
    It's Time for Class: Toward a More Complex Pedagogy of Narrative
    College English
  112. Roper, Edie-Marie, and Mike Edwards. “Changing Definitions of Work and Class in the Information Economy.”Cla…
     ↗
  113. Tingle (2004)
    Opinion: The Vexation of Class
    College English
  114. Vieira (2013)
    On the Social Consequences of Literacy
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  115. Wetherbee (2017)
    Literacy and Rhetoric as Complementary Keywords
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  116. Barlow, Aaron, and Patrick Corbett. “Implications of Redefining ‘Working Class’ in the Urban Composition Cla…
     ↗
  117. Bartholomae et al. (2011)
    Reconsiderations: “Inventing the University” at 25: An Interview with David Bar…
    College English
  118. Beech (2004)
    Redneck and Hillbilly Discourse in the Writing Classroom: Classifying Critical …
    College English
  119. Bloom (1996)
    Freshman Composition as a Middle-Class Enterprise
    College English
  120. Hoxby, Caroline, and Christopher Avery. “The Missing ‘One-Offs’: The Hidden Supply of High-Achieving, Low-In…
     ↗
  121. LeCourt (2006)
    Performing Working-Class Identity in Composition: Toward a Pedagogy of Textual …
    College English
  122. Lindquist (2004)
    Class Affects, Classroom Affectations: Working through the Paradoxes of Strateg…
    College English
  123. Lu, Min-Zhan. “Writing as Repositioning.”Journal of Education172.2 (1990): 18-21. Print. https://doi.org/10.1…
     ↗
  124. Lucas, Kristen. “The Working Class Promise: A Communicative Account of Mobility-Based Ambivalences.”Communic…
     ↗
  125. Mack (2006)
    Ethical Representation of Working-Class Lives: Multiple Genres, Voices, and Ide…
    Pedagogy
  126. O'Dair (2003)
    Class Work: Site of Egalitarian Activism or Site of Embourgeoisement?
    College English
  127. Orbe, Mark P. “Negotiating Multiple Identities Within Multiple Frames: An Analysis of First‐generation Colle…
     ↗
  128. Robillard (2003)
    It's Time for Class: Toward a More Complex Pedagogy of Narrative
    College English
  129. Roper, Edie-Marie, and Mike Edwards. “Changing Definitions of Work and Class in the Information Economy.”Cla…
     ↗
  130. Tingle (2004)
    Opinion: The Vexation of Class
    College English
  131. Vieira (2013)
    On the Social Consequences of Literacy
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  132. Wetherbee (2017)
    Literacy and Rhetoric as Complementary Keywords
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  133. Barlow, Aaron, and Patrick Corbett. “Implications of Redefining ‘Working Class’ in the Urban Composition Cla…
     ↗
  134. Bartholomae et al. (2011)
    Reconsiderations: “Inventing the University” at 25: An Interview with David Bar…
    College English
  135. Beech (2004)
    Redneck and Hillbilly Discourse in the Writing Classroom: Classifying Critical …
    College English
  136. Bloom (1996)
    Freshman Composition as a Middle-Class Enterprise
    College English
  137. Hoxby, Caroline, and Christopher Avery. “The Missing ‘One-Offs’: The Hidden Supply of High-Achieving, Low-In…
     ↗
  138. LeCourt (2006)
    Performing Working-Class Identity in Composition: Toward a Pedagogy of Textual …
    College English
  139. Lindquist (2004)
    Class Affects, Classroom Affectations: Working through the Paradoxes of Strateg…
    College English
  140. Lu, Min-Zhan. “Writing as Repositioning.”Journal of Education172.2 (1990): 18-21. Print. https://doi.org/10.1…
     ↗
  141. Lucas, Kristen. “The Working Class Promise: A Communicative Account of Mobility-Based Ambivalences.”Communic…
     ↗
  142. Mack (2006)
    Ethical Representation of Working-Class Lives: Multiple Genres, Voices, and Ide…
    Pedagogy
  143. O'Dair (2003)
    Class Work: Site of Egalitarian Activism or Site of Embourgeoisement?
    College English
  144. Orbe, Mark P. “Negotiating Multiple Identities Within Multiple Frames: An Analysis of First‐generation Colle…
     ↗
  145. Robillard (2003)
    It's Time for Class: Toward a More Complex Pedagogy of Narrative
    College English
  146. Roper, Edie-Marie, and Mike Edwards. “Changing Definitions of Work and Class in the Information Economy.”Cla…
     ↗
  147. Tingle (2004)
    Opinion: The Vexation of Class
    College English
  148. Vieira (2013)
    On the Social Consequences of Literacy
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  149. Wetherbee (2017)
    Literacy and Rhetoric as Complementary Keywords
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  150. Barlow, Aaron, and Patrick Corbett. “Implications of Redefining ‘Working Class’ in the Urban Composition Cla…
     ↗
  151. Bartholomae et al. (2011)
    Reconsiderations: “Inventing the University” at 25: An Interview with David Bar…
    College English
  152. Beech (2004)
    Redneck and Hillbilly Discourse in the Writing Classroom: Classifying Critical …
    College English
  153. Bloom (1996)
    Freshman Composition as a Middle-Class Enterprise
    College English
  154. Hoxby, Caroline, and Christopher Avery. “The Missing ‘One-Offs’: The Hidden Supply of High-Achieving, Low-In…
     ↗
  155. LeCourt (2006)
    Performing Working-Class Identity in Composition: Toward a Pedagogy of Textual …
    College English
  156. Lindquist (2004)
    Class Affects, Classroom Affectations: Working through the Paradoxes of Strateg…
    College English
  157. Lu, Min-Zhan. “Writing as Repositioning.”Journal of Education172.2 (1990): 18-21. Print. https://doi.org/10.1…
     ↗
  158. Lucas, Kristen. “The Working Class Promise: A Communicative Account of Mobility-Based Ambivalences.”Communic…
     ↗
  159. Mack (2006)
    Ethical Representation of Working-Class Lives: Multiple Genres, Voices, and Ide…
    Pedagogy
  160. O'Dair (2003)
    Class Work: Site of Egalitarian Activism or Site of Embourgeoisement?
    College English
  161. Orbe, Mark P. “Negotiating Multiple Identities Within Multiple Frames: An Analysis of First‐generation Colle…
     ↗
  162. Robillard (2003)
    It's Time for Class: Toward a More Complex Pedagogy of Narrative
    College English
  163. Roper, Edie-Marie, and Mike Edwards. “Changing Definitions of Work and Class in the Information Economy.”Cla…
     ↗
  164. Tingle (2004)
    Opinion: The Vexation of Class
    College English
  165. Vieira (2013)
    On the Social Consequences of Literacy
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  166. Wetherbee (2017)
    Literacy and Rhetoric as Complementary Keywords
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  167. Barlow, Aaron, and Patrick Corbett. “Implications of Redefining ‘Working Class’ in the Urban Composition Cla…
     ↗
  168. Bartholomae et al. (2011)
    Reconsiderations: “Inventing the University” at 25: An Interview with David Bar…
    College English
  169. Beech (2004)
    Redneck and Hillbilly Discourse in the Writing Classroom: Classifying Critical …
    College English
  170. Bloom (1996)
    Freshman Composition as a Middle-Class Enterprise
    College English
  171. Hoxby, Caroline, and Christopher Avery. “The Missing ‘One-Offs’: The Hidden Supply of High-Achieving, Low-In…
     ↗
  172. LeCourt (2006)
    Performing Working-Class Identity in Composition: Toward a Pedagogy of Textual …
    College English
  173. Lindquist (2004)
    Class Affects, Classroom Affectations: Working through the Paradoxes of Strateg…
    College English
  174. Lu, Min-Zhan. “Writing as Repositioning.”Journal of Education172.2 (1990): 18-21. Print. https://doi.org/10.1…
     ↗
  175. Lucas, Kristen. “The Working Class Promise: A Communicative Account of Mobility-Based Ambivalences.”Communic…
     ↗
  176. Mack (2006)
    Ethical Representation of Working-Class Lives: Multiple Genres, Voices, and Ide…
    Pedagogy
  177. O'Dair (2003)
    Class Work: Site of Egalitarian Activism or Site of Embourgeoisement?
    College English
  178. Orbe, Mark P. “Negotiating Multiple Identities Within Multiple Frames: An Analysis of First‐generation Colle…
     ↗
  179. Robillard (2003)
    It's Time for Class: Toward a More Complex Pedagogy of Narrative
    College English
  180. Roper, Edie-Marie, and Mike Edwards. “Changing Definitions of Work and Class in the Information Economy.”Cla…
     ↗
  181. Tingle (2004)
    Opinion: The Vexation of Class
    College English
  182. Vieira (2013)
    On the Social Consequences of Literacy
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  183. Wetherbee (2017)
    Literacy and Rhetoric as Complementary Keywords
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  184. Barlow, Aaron, and Patrick Corbett. “Implications of Redefining ‘Working Class’ in the Urban Composition Cla…
     ↗
  185. Bartholomae et al. (2011)
    Reconsiderations: “Inventing the University” at 25: An Interview with David Bar…
    College English
  186. Beech (2004)
    Redneck and Hillbilly Discourse in the Writing Classroom: Classifying Critical …
    College English
  187. Bloom (1996)
    Freshman Composition as a Middle-Class Enterprise
    College English
  188. Hoxby, Caroline, and Christopher Avery. “The Missing ‘One-Offs’: The Hidden Supply of High-Achieving, Low-In…
     ↗
  189. LeCourt (2006)
    Performing Working-Class Identity in Composition: Toward a Pedagogy of Textual …
    College English
  190. Lindquist (2004)
    Class Affects, Classroom Affectations: Working through the Paradoxes of Strateg…
    College English
  191. Lu, Min-Zhan. “Writing as Repositioning.”Journal of Education172.2 (1990): 18-21. Print. https://doi.org/10.1…
     ↗
  192. Lucas, Kristen. “The Working Class Promise: A Communicative Account of Mobility-Based Ambivalences.”Communic…
     ↗
  193. Mack (2006)
    Ethical Representation of Working-Class Lives: Multiple Genres, Voices, and Ide…
    Pedagogy
  194. O'Dair (2003)
    Class Work: Site of Egalitarian Activism or Site of Embourgeoisement?
    College English
  195. Orbe, Mark P. “Negotiating Multiple Identities Within Multiple Frames: An Analysis of First‐generation Colle…
     ↗
  196. Robillard (2003)
    It's Time for Class: Toward a More Complex Pedagogy of Narrative
    College English
  197. Roper, Edie-Marie, and Mike Edwards. “Changing Definitions of Work and Class in the Information Economy.”Cla…
     ↗
  198. Tingle (2004)
    Opinion: The Vexation of Class
    College English
  199. Vieira (2013)
    On the Social Consequences of Literacy
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  200. Wetherbee (2017)
    Literacy and Rhetoric as Complementary Keywords
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  201. Barlow, Aaron, and Patrick Corbett. “Implications of Redefining ‘Working Class’ in the Urban Composition Cla…
     ↗
  202. Bartholomae et al. (2011)
    Reconsiderations: “Inventing the University” at 25: An Interview with David Bar…
    College English
  203. Beech (2004)
    Redneck and Hillbilly Discourse in the Writing Classroom: Classifying Critical …
    College English
  204. Bloom (1996)
    Freshman Composition as a Middle-Class Enterprise
    College English
  205. Hoxby, Caroline, and Christopher Avery. “The Missing ‘One-Offs’: The Hidden Supply of High-Achieving, Low-In…
     ↗
  206. LeCourt (2006)
    Performing Working-Class Identity in Composition: Toward a Pedagogy of Textual …
    College English
  207. Lindquist (2004)
    Class Affects, Classroom Affectations: Working through the Paradoxes of Strateg…
    College English
  208. Lu, Min-Zhan. “Writing as Repositioning.”Journal of Education172.2 (1990): 18-21. Print. https://doi.org/10.1…
     ↗
  209. Lucas, Kristen. “The Working Class Promise: A Communicative Account of Mobility-Based Ambivalences.”Communic…
     ↗
  210. Mack (2006)
    Ethical Representation of Working-Class Lives: Multiple Genres, Voices, and Ide…
    Pedagogy
  211. O'Dair (2003)
    Class Work: Site of Egalitarian Activism or Site of Embourgeoisement?
    College English
  212. Orbe, Mark P. “Negotiating Multiple Identities Within Multiple Frames: An Analysis of First‐generation Colle…
     ↗
  213. Robillard (2003)
    It's Time for Class: Toward a More Complex Pedagogy of Narrative
    College English
  214. Roper, Edie-Marie, and Mike Edwards. “Changing Definitions of Work and Class in the Information Economy.”Cla…
     ↗
  215. Tingle (2004)
    Opinion: The Vexation of Class
    College English
  216. Vieira (2013)
    On the Social Consequences of Literacy
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  217. Wetherbee (2017)
    Literacy and Rhetoric as Complementary Keywords
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  218. Barlow, Aaron, and Patrick Corbett. “Implications of Redefining ‘Working Class’ in the Urban Composition Cla…
     ↗
  219. Bartholomae et al. (2011)
    Reconsiderations: “Inventing the University” at 25: An Interview with David Bar…
    College English
  220. Beech (2004)
    Redneck and Hillbilly Discourse in the Writing Classroom: Classifying Critical …
    College English
  221. Bloom (1996)
    Freshman Composition as a Middle-Class Enterprise
    College English
  222. Hoxby, Caroline, and Christopher Avery. “The Missing ‘One-Offs’: The Hidden Supply of High-Achieving, Low-In…
     ↗
  223. LeCourt (2006)
    Performing Working-Class Identity in Composition: Toward a Pedagogy of Textual …
    College English
  224. Lindquist (2004)
    Class Affects, Classroom Affectations: Working through the Paradoxes of Strateg…
    College English
  225. Lu, Min-Zhan. “Writing as Repositioning.”Journal of Education172.2 (1990): 18-21. Print. https://doi.org/10.1…
     ↗
  226. Lucas, Kristen. “The Working Class Promise: A Communicative Account of Mobility-Based Ambivalences.”Communic…
     ↗
  227. Mack (2006)
    Ethical Representation of Working-Class Lives: Multiple Genres, Voices, and Ide…
    Pedagogy
  228. O'Dair (2003)
    Class Work: Site of Egalitarian Activism or Site of Embourgeoisement?
    College English
  229. Orbe, Mark P. “Negotiating Multiple Identities Within Multiple Frames: An Analysis of First‐generation Colle…
     ↗
  230. Robillard (2003)
    It's Time for Class: Toward a More Complex Pedagogy of Narrative
    College English
  231. Roper, Edie-Marie, and Mike Edwards. “Changing Definitions of Work and Class in the Information Economy.”Cla…
     ↗
  232. Tingle (2004)
    Opinion: The Vexation of Class
    College English
  233. Vieira (2013)
    On the Social Consequences of Literacy
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  234. Wetherbee (2017)
    Literacy and Rhetoric as Complementary Keywords
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  235. Barlow, Aaron, and Patrick Corbett. “Implications of Redefining ‘Working Class’ in the Urban Composition Cla…
     ↗
  236. Bartholomae et al. (2011)
    Reconsiderations: “Inventing the University” at 25: An Interview with David Bar…
    College English
  237. Beech (2004)
    Redneck and Hillbilly Discourse in the Writing Classroom: Classifying Critical …
    College English
  238. Bloom (1996)
    Freshman Composition as a Middle-Class Enterprise
    College English
  239. Hoxby, Caroline, and Christopher Avery. “The Missing ‘One-Offs’: The Hidden Supply of High-Achieving, Low-In…
     ↗
  240. LeCourt (2006)
    Performing Working-Class Identity in Composition: Toward a Pedagogy of Textual …
    College English
  241. Lindquist (2004)
    Class Affects, Classroom Affectations: Working through the Paradoxes of Strateg…
    College English
  242. Lu, Min-Zhan. “Writing as Repositioning.”Journal of Education172.2 (1990): 18-21. Print. https://doi.org/10.1…
     ↗
  243. Lucas, Kristen. “The Working Class Promise: A Communicative Account of Mobility-Based Ambivalences.”Communic…
     ↗
  244. Mack (2006)
    Ethical Representation of Working-Class Lives: Multiple Genres, Voices, and Ide…
    Pedagogy
  245. O'Dair (2003)
    Class Work: Site of Egalitarian Activism or Site of Embourgeoisement?
    College English
  246. Orbe, Mark P. “Negotiating Multiple Identities Within Multiple Frames: An Analysis of First‐generation Colle…
     ↗
  247. Robillard (2003)
    It's Time for Class: Toward a More Complex Pedagogy of Narrative
    College English
  248. Roper, Edie-Marie, and Mike Edwards. “Changing Definitions of Work and Class in the Information Economy.”Cla…
     ↗
  249. Tingle (2004)
    Opinion: The Vexation of Class
    College English
  250. Vieira (2013)
    On the Social Consequences of Literacy
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  251. Wetherbee (2017)
    Literacy and Rhetoric as Complementary Keywords
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  252. Barlow, Aaron, and Patrick Corbett. “Implications of Redefining ‘Working Class’ in the Urban Composition Cla…
     ↗
  253. Bartholomae et al. (2011)
    Reconsiderations: “Inventing the University” at 25: An Interview with David Bar…
    College English
  254. Beech (2004)
    Redneck and Hillbilly Discourse in the Writing Classroom: Classifying Critical …
    College English
  255. Bloom (1996)
    Freshman Composition as a Middle-Class Enterprise
    College English
  256. Hoxby, Caroline, and Christopher Avery. “The Missing ‘One-Offs’: The Hidden Supply of High-Achieving, Low-In…
     ↗
  257. LeCourt (2006)
    Performing Working-Class Identity in Composition: Toward a Pedagogy of Textual …
    College English
  258. Lindquist (2004)
    Class Affects, Classroom Affectations: Working through the Paradoxes of Strateg…
    College English
  259. Lu, Min-Zhan. “Writing as Repositioning.”Journal of Education172.2 (1990): 18-21. Print. https://doi.org/10.1…
     ↗
  260. Lucas, Kristen. “The Working Class Promise: A Communicative Account of Mobility-Based Ambivalences.”Communic…
     ↗
  261. Mack (2006)
    Ethical Representation of Working-Class Lives: Multiple Genres, Voices, and Ide…
    Pedagogy
  262. O'Dair (2003)
    Class Work: Site of Egalitarian Activism or Site of Embourgeoisement?
    College English
  263. Orbe, Mark P. “Negotiating Multiple Identities Within Multiple Frames: An Analysis of First‐generation Colle…
     ↗
  264. Robillard (2003)
    It's Time for Class: Toward a More Complex Pedagogy of Narrative
    College English
  265. Roper, Edie-Marie, and Mike Edwards. “Changing Definitions of Work and Class in the Information Economy.”Cla…
     ↗
  266. Tingle (2004)
    Opinion: The Vexation of Class
    College English
  267. Vieira (2013)
    On the Social Consequences of Literacy
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  268. Wetherbee (2017)
    Literacy and Rhetoric as Complementary Keywords
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  269. Auclair, Remy, et al.First-Generation Students: A Promising Concept?Montreal: Canada Millennium Scholarship …
     ↗
  270. Bailey, Olivia. Focus Group. 27 Mar. 2014.
     ↗
  271. Baker, Clinton. Personal Interview. 24 Apr. 2014.
     ↗
  272. Barlow, Aaron, and Patrick Corbett. “Implications of Redefining ‘Working Class’ in the Urban Composition Cla…
     ↗
  273. Bartholomae et al. (2011)
    Reconsiderations: “Inventing the University” at 25: An Interview with David Bar…
    College English
  274. Beech (2004)
    Redneck and Hillbilly Discourse in the Writing Classroom: Classifying Critical …
    College English
  275. Bloom (1996)
    Freshman Composition as a Middle-Class Enterprise
    College English
  276. Burton, Sadie. Focus Group. 27 Mar. 2014.
     ↗
  277. Cataldi, Emily Forrest, et al.First-Generation Students: College Access, Persistence, and Postbachelor’s Out…
     ↗
  278. Charmaz, Kathy. “Grounded Theory as an Emergent Method.”Handbook of Emergent Methods. Eds. Sharlene Nagy Hes…
     ↗
  279. Clary-Lemon (2009)
    The Racialization of Composition Studies: Scholarly Rhetoric of Race Since 1990
    College Composition and Communication
  280. Daniel (2017)
    Freshman Composition as a Precariat Enterprise
    College English
  281. Dominguez, Juan. Personal Interview. 17 Mar. 2014.
     ↗
  282. Evans, Leah. Personal Interview. 24 Apr. 2014.
     ↗
  283. Fox, Tom.Defending Access: A Critique of Standards in Higher Education. Portsmouth: Boynton/Cook Publishers…
     ↗
  284. Griffith, Edgar. Personal Interview. 25 Apr. 2014.
     ↗
  285. Guerra, Jennifer. “Fitting in on Campus: Challenges for First-Generation Students.”NPR.Org, 16 Feb. 2015. W…
     ↗
  286. Harris, Orin. Personal Interview. 18 Apr. 2014.
     ↗
  287. Hoxby, Caroline, and Christopher Avery. “The Missing ‘One-Offs’: The Hidden Supply of High-Achieving, Low-In…
     ↗
  288. Kerschbaum, Stephanie L.Toward a New Rhetoric of Difference. Urbana: National Council of Teachers of Englis…
     ↗
  289. Lamb, Julia. Focus Group. 27 Mar. 2014.
     ↗
  290. LeCourt (2006)
    Performing Working-Class Identity in Composition: Toward a Pedagogy of Textual …
    College English
  291. Lindquist (2004)
    Class Affects, Classroom Affectations: Working through the Paradoxes of Strateg…
    College English
  292. Little, Dan. Personal Interview. 22 Apr. 2014.
     ↗
  293. Lu, Min-Zhan. “Writing as Repositioning.”Journal of Education172.2 (1990): 18-21. Print. https://doi.org/10.1…
     ↗
  294. Lucas, Kristen. “The Working Class Promise: A Communicative Account of Mobility-Based Ambivalences.”Communic…
     ↗
  295. Mack (2006)
    Ethical Representation of Working-Class Lives: Multiple Genres, Voices, and Ide…
    Pedagogy
  296. Mathis, Camille. Personal Interview. 26 Apr. 2014.
     ↗
  297. Moreno, Boyd. Personal Interview. 14 May 2014.
     ↗
  298. Murray, Walter. Personal Interview. 16 Apr. 2014.
     ↗
  299. O'Dair (2003)
    Class Work: Site of Egalitarian Activism or Site of Embourgeoisement?
    College English
  300. Orbe, Mark P. “Negotiating Multiple Identities Within Multiple Frames: An Analysis of First‐generation Colle…
     ↗
  301. Pappano, Laura. “First-Generation Students Unite.”The New York Times8 Apr. 2015.NYTimes.com. Web.
     ↗
  302. Parker, Terri. Personal Interview. 17 Apr. 2014.
     ↗
  303. Prendergast, Catherine.Literacy and Racial Justice: The Politics of Learning After Brown V. Board of Educati…
     ↗
  304. Price, Nick. Personal Interview. 16 Apr. 2014.
     ↗
  305. Rawlings, Da’vante. Personal Interview. 17 Mar. 2014.
     ↗
  306. Redford, Jeremy, and Kathleen Mulvaney Hoyer.First-Generation and Continuing-Generation College Students: A …
     ↗
  307. Roberson, Janice. Personal Interview. 29 May 2014.
     ↗
  308. Robillard (2003)
    It's Time for Class: Toward a More Complex Pedagogy of Narrative
    College English
  309. Roper, Edie-Marie, and Mike Edwards. “Changing Definitions of Work and Class in the Information Economy.”Cla…
     ↗
  310. Royster, Jacqueline Jones.Traces of a Stream: Literacy and Social Change among African American Women. U of…
     ↗
  311. Saenz, Victor B., et al.First in My Family: A Profile of First-Generation College Students at Four-Year Ins…
     ↗
  312. Saldaña, Johnny.The Coding Manual for Qualitative Researchers. 2nd ed. Los Angeles: SAGE, 2013.
     ↗
  313. Smith, Ashley A. “Who’s in First (Generation)?”Inside Higher Education. 10 Nov. 2015. Web.https://www.inside…
     ↗
  314. Strauss, Anselm, and Juliet Corbin, eds.Grounded Theory in Practice. Thousand Oaks: SAGE, 1997.
     ↗
  315. Tingle (2004)
    Opinion: The Vexation of Class
    College English
  316. Vieira (2013)
    On the Social Consequences of Literacy
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  317. Ward, Lee, et al.First-Generation College Students: Understanding and Improving the Experience from Recruitm…
     ↗
  318. Wetherbee (2017)
    Literacy and Rhetoric as Complementary Keywords
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  319. Wilkins, Maria. Personal Interview. 22 Apr. 2014.
     ↗
  320. Thomas (2006)
    Social class as discourse: Mapping the landscape of class in rhetoric and composition
    JAC: A Journal of Rhetoric, Culture, and Politics
CrossRef global citation count: 2 View in citation network → Build reading path →

Related articles

  1. Computers and Composition Sep 2026
    When writing students design AI chatbots: Integrating design thinking as a critical AI literacy practice ↗
    Jialei Jiang; Gustav Verhulsdonck
    modern rhetorical theory rhetorical criticism first-year composition writing pedagogy technical communication qualitative research literacy studies community literacy
  2. Reflections: A Journal of Community-Engaged Writing and Rhetoric Feb 2026
    Voices from Rock Bottom: Queering Addiction Recovery Rhetoric & Community Literacy ↗
    Danielle Bacibianco
    rhetorical criticism archival research multimodality literacy studies gender and writing public rhetoric community literacy
  3. Pedagogy Oct 2025
    Contributors ↗
    modern rhetorical theory rhetorical criticism genre theory cultural rhetorics first-year composition writing pedagogy advanced composition creative writing writing across the curriculum graduate education two-year college service learning teacher development technical communication professional writing labor and working conditions archival research multimodality artificial intelligence literacy studies race and writing gender and writing disability studies literary studies editorial matter
  4. College Composition and Communication Sep 2025
    From Cheating to Cheat Codes: Integrating Generative AI Ethics into Collaborative Learning ↗
    Kristi Girdharry
    modern rhetorical theory rhetorical criticism writing pedagogy argument collaborative writing writing centers artificial intelligence literacy studies
  5. Pedagogy Apr 2025
    Contributors ↗
    modern rhetorical theory rhetorical criticism african american rhetorics cultural rhetorics first-year composition writing pedagogy basic writing graduate education two-year college teacher development writing centers technical communication professional writing labor and working conditions digital rhetoric multimodality social media literacy studies race and writing gender and writing community literacy literary studies editorial matter