Literacy in Composition Studies Mar 2019 RSS Open Access

Resisting and Rewriting English-Only Policies: Navigating Multilingual, Raciolinguistic, and Translingual Approaches to Language Advocacy

Katherine S Flowers

Abstract

The field of writing studies has highlighted the limitations of a monolingual orientation towards language, particularly in the context of English-only language policies, but there have been fewer accounts of how people actively navigate and advocate for alternatives. Drawing on a recent ethnographic, discourse analytic study of how writers reshaped a local language policy, I argue that there are advantages to cultivating and combining multilingual, raciolinguistic, and translingual approaches to language advocacy, yet at the same time, arguments for multilingualism risk eclipsing, and ultimately undermining, these other approaches.

Journal
Literacy in Composition Studies
Published
2019-03-30
DOI
10.21623/1.7.1.5
CompPile
Open Access
OA PDF Gold
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Citation context

Cited by in this index (1)

  1. Wang et al. (2022)
    Encouraging Student Advocacy in Social Justice Classrooms
    Reflections: A Journal of Community-Engaged Writing and Rhetoric

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  2. Dick, Hilary Parsons. “Making Immigrants Illegal in Small-Town USA.”Journal of LinguisticAnthropology21.1 …
     ↗
  3. Flores, Nelson. “The Unexamined Relationship Between Neoliberalism and Plurilingualism: A Cautionary Tale.…
     ↗
  4. Flores, Nelson, and Jonathan Rosa. “Undoing Appropriateness: Raciolinguistic Ideologies and Language Diversi…
     ↗
  5. Guerra, Juan C.Language, Culture, Identity and Citizenship in College Classrooms and Communities. New York: …
     ↗
Show all 315 →
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    English Only and U.S. College Composition
    College Composition and Communication
  2. Kang (2015)
    Tensions of Local and Global: South Korean Students Navigating and Maximizing U…
    Literacy in Composition Studies
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    Literacy/Literacies Studies and the Still-Dominant White Center
    Literacy in Composition Studies
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     ↗
  6. McNamara (2018)
    Diminishing Returns at Corporate U: Chinese Undergraduates and Composition’s Ac…
    Literacy in Composition Studies
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     ↗
  14. Wortham, Stanton, and Angela Reyes.Discourse Analysis Beyond the Speech Event. New York: Routledge, 2015. P…
     ↗
  15. Bucholtz, Mary, and Kira Hall. “All of the Above: New Coalitions in Sociocultural Linguistics.”Journal of So…
     ↗
  16. Dick, Hilary Parsons. “Making Immigrants Illegal in Small-Town USA.”Journal of LinguisticAnthropology21.1 …
     ↗
  17. Flores, Nelson. “The Unexamined Relationship Between Neoliberalism and Plurilingualism: A Cautionary Tale.…
     ↗
  18. Flores, Nelson, and Jonathan Rosa. “Undoing Appropriateness: Raciolinguistic Ideologies and Language Diversi…
     ↗
  19. Guerra, Juan C.Language, Culture, Identity and Citizenship in College Classrooms and Communities. New York: …
     ↗
  20. Horner et al. (2002)
    English Only and U.S. College Composition
    College Composition and Communication
  21. Kang (2015)
    Tensions of Local and Global: South Korean Students Navigating and Maximizing U…
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  22. Kubota, Ryuko. “The Multi/Plural Turn, Postcolonial Theory, and Neoliberal Multiculturalism: Complicities …
     ↗
  23. Kynard (2013)
    Literacy/Literacies Studies and the Still-Dominant White Center
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  24. Lyons, Scott Richard.X-Marks: Native Signatures of Assent. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 2010. Print. http…
     ↗
  25. McNamara (2018)
    Diminishing Returns at Corporate U: Chinese Undergraduates and Composition’s Ac…
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  26. Pavlenko, Aneta. “‘We Have Room for but One Language Here’: Language and National Identity in the US at the…
     ↗
  27. Pennycook, Alastair.Language as a Local Practice. New York: Routledge, 2010. Print. https://doi.org/10.4324/…
     ↗
  28. ---. “Mobile Times, Mobile Terms: The Trans-Super-Poly-Metro Movement.”Sociolinguistics: Theoretical Debates.…
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  29. Prior, Paul A.Writing/Disciplinarity: A Sociohistoric Account of Literate Activity in the Academy. Mahwah: L…
     ↗
  30. Rosa, Jonathan, and Nelson Flores. “Unsettling Race and Language: Toward a Raciolinguistic Perspective.”Lang…
     ↗
  31. Smitherman (1999)
    CCCC's Role in the Struggle for Language Rights
    College Composition and Communication
  32. Horner, Brice Nordquist, and Susan M. Ryan. Boulder: UP of Colorado, 2017. 172–90. Print. https://doi.org/10…
     ↗
  33. Wortham, Stanton, and Angela Reyes.Discourse Analysis Beyond the Speech Event. New York: Routledge, 2015. P…
     ↗
  34. Bucholtz, Mary, and Kira Hall. “All of the Above: New Coalitions in Sociocultural Linguistics.”Journal of So…
     ↗
  35. Dick, Hilary Parsons. “Making Immigrants Illegal in Small-Town USA.”Journal of LinguisticAnthropology21.1 …
     ↗
  36. Flores, Nelson. “The Unexamined Relationship Between Neoliberalism and Plurilingualism: A Cautionary Tale.…
     ↗
  37. Flores, Nelson, and Jonathan Rosa. “Undoing Appropriateness: Raciolinguistic Ideologies and Language Diversi…
     ↗
  38. Guerra, Juan C.Language, Culture, Identity and Citizenship in College Classrooms and Communities. New York: …
     ↗
  39. Horner et al. (2002)
    English Only and U.S. College Composition
    College Composition and Communication
  40. Kang (2015)
    Tensions of Local and Global: South Korean Students Navigating and Maximizing U…
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  41. Kubota, Ryuko. “The Multi/Plural Turn, Postcolonial Theory, and Neoliberal Multiculturalism: Complicities …
     ↗
  42. Kynard (2013)
    Literacy/Literacies Studies and the Still-Dominant White Center
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  43. Lyons, Scott Richard.X-Marks: Native Signatures of Assent. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 2010. Print. http…
     ↗
  44. McNamara (2018)
    Diminishing Returns at Corporate U: Chinese Undergraduates and Composition’s Ac…
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  45. Pavlenko, Aneta. “‘We Have Room for but One Language Here’: Language and National Identity in the US at the…
     ↗
  46. Pennycook, Alastair.Language as a Local Practice. New York: Routledge, 2010. Print. https://doi.org/10.4324/…
     ↗
  47. ---. “Mobile Times, Mobile Terms: The Trans-Super-Poly-Metro Movement.”Sociolinguistics: Theoretical Debates.…
     ↗
  48. Prior, Paul A.Writing/Disciplinarity: A Sociohistoric Account of Literate Activity in the Academy. Mahwah: L…
     ↗
  49. Rosa, Jonathan, and Nelson Flores. “Unsettling Race and Language: Toward a Raciolinguistic Perspective.”Lang…
     ↗
  50. Smitherman (1999)
    CCCC's Role in the Struggle for Language Rights
    College Composition and Communication
  51. Horner, Brice Nordquist, and Susan M. Ryan. Boulder: UP of Colorado, 2017. 172–90. Print. https://doi.org/10…
     ↗
  52. Wortham, Stanton, and Angela Reyes.Discourse Analysis Beyond the Speech Event. New York: Routledge, 2015. P…
     ↗
  53. Bucholtz, Mary, and Kira Hall. “All of the Above: New Coalitions in Sociocultural Linguistics.”Journal of So…
     ↗
  54. Dick, Hilary Parsons. “Making Immigrants Illegal in Small-Town USA.”Journal of LinguisticAnthropology21.1 …
     ↗
  55. Flores, Nelson. “The Unexamined Relationship Between Neoliberalism and Plurilingualism: A Cautionary Tale.…
     ↗
  56. Flores, Nelson, and Jonathan Rosa. “Undoing Appropriateness: Raciolinguistic Ideologies and Language Diversi…
     ↗
  57. Guerra, Juan C.Language, Culture, Identity and Citizenship in College Classrooms and Communities. New York: …
     ↗
  58. Horner et al. (2002)
    English Only and U.S. College Composition
    College Composition and Communication
  59. Kang (2015)
    Tensions of Local and Global: South Korean Students Navigating and Maximizing U…
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  60. Kubota, Ryuko. “The Multi/Plural Turn, Postcolonial Theory, and Neoliberal Multiculturalism: Complicities …
     ↗
  61. Kynard (2013)
    Literacy/Literacies Studies and the Still-Dominant White Center
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  62. Lyons, Scott Richard.X-Marks: Native Signatures of Assent. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 2010. Print. http…
     ↗
  63. McNamara (2018)
    Diminishing Returns at Corporate U: Chinese Undergraduates and Composition’s Ac…
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  64. Pavlenko, Aneta. “‘We Have Room for but One Language Here’: Language and National Identity in the US at the…
     ↗
  65. Pennycook, Alastair.Language as a Local Practice. New York: Routledge, 2010. Print. https://doi.org/10.4324/…
     ↗
  66. ---. “Mobile Times, Mobile Terms: The Trans-Super-Poly-Metro Movement.”Sociolinguistics: Theoretical Debates.…
     ↗
  67. Prior, Paul A.Writing/Disciplinarity: A Sociohistoric Account of Literate Activity in the Academy. Mahwah: L…
     ↗
  68. Rosa, Jonathan, and Nelson Flores. “Unsettling Race and Language: Toward a Raciolinguistic Perspective.”Lang…
     ↗
  69. Smitherman (1999)
    CCCC's Role in the Struggle for Language Rights
    College Composition and Communication
  70. Horner, Brice Nordquist, and Susan M. Ryan. Boulder: UP of Colorado, 2017. 172–90. Print. https://doi.org/10…
     ↗
  71. Wortham, Stanton, and Angela Reyes.Discourse Analysis Beyond the Speech Event. New York: Routledge, 2015. P…
     ↗
  72. Bucholtz, Mary, and Kira Hall. “All of the Above: New Coalitions in Sociocultural Linguistics.”Journal of So…
     ↗
  73. Dick, Hilary Parsons. “Making Immigrants Illegal in Small-Town USA.”Journal of LinguisticAnthropology21.1 …
     ↗
  74. Flores, Nelson. “The Unexamined Relationship Between Neoliberalism and Plurilingualism: A Cautionary Tale.…
     ↗
  75. Flores, Nelson, and Jonathan Rosa. “Undoing Appropriateness: Raciolinguistic Ideologies and Language Diversi…
     ↗
  76. Guerra, Juan C.Language, Culture, Identity and Citizenship in College Classrooms and Communities. New York: …
     ↗
  77. Horner et al. (2002)
    English Only and U.S. College Composition
    College Composition and Communication
  78. Kang (2015)
    Tensions of Local and Global: South Korean Students Navigating and Maximizing U…
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  79. Kubota, Ryuko. “The Multi/Plural Turn, Postcolonial Theory, and Neoliberal Multiculturalism: Complicities …
     ↗
  80. Kynard (2013)
    Literacy/Literacies Studies and the Still-Dominant White Center
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  81. Lyons, Scott Richard.X-Marks: Native Signatures of Assent. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 2010. Print. http…
     ↗
  82. McNamara (2018)
    Diminishing Returns at Corporate U: Chinese Undergraduates and Composition’s Ac…
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  83. Pavlenko, Aneta. “‘We Have Room for but One Language Here’: Language and National Identity in the US at the…
     ↗
  84. Pennycook, Alastair.Language as a Local Practice. New York: Routledge, 2010. Print. https://doi.org/10.4324/…
     ↗
  85. ---. “Mobile Times, Mobile Terms: The Trans-Super-Poly-Metro Movement.”Sociolinguistics: Theoretical Debates.…
     ↗
  86. Prior, Paul A.Writing/Disciplinarity: A Sociohistoric Account of Literate Activity in the Academy. Mahwah: L…
     ↗
  87. Rosa, Jonathan, and Nelson Flores. “Unsettling Race and Language: Toward a Raciolinguistic Perspective.”Lang…
     ↗
  88. Smitherman (1999)
    CCCC's Role in the Struggle for Language Rights
    College Composition and Communication
  89. Horner, Brice Nordquist, and Susan M. Ryan. Boulder: UP of Colorado, 2017. 172–90. Print. https://doi.org/10…
     ↗
  90. Wortham, Stanton, and Angela Reyes.Discourse Analysis Beyond the Speech Event. New York: Routledge, 2015. P…
     ↗
  91. Bucholtz, Mary, and Kira Hall. “All of the Above: New Coalitions in Sociocultural Linguistics.”Journal of So…
     ↗
  92. Dick, Hilary Parsons. “Making Immigrants Illegal in Small-Town USA.”Journal of LinguisticAnthropology21.1 …
     ↗
  93. Flores, Nelson. “The Unexamined Relationship Between Neoliberalism and Plurilingualism: A Cautionary Tale.…
     ↗
  94. Flores, Nelson, and Jonathan Rosa. “Undoing Appropriateness: Raciolinguistic Ideologies and Language Diversi…
     ↗
  95. Guerra, Juan C.Language, Culture, Identity and Citizenship in College Classrooms and Communities. New York: …
     ↗
  96. Horner et al. (2002)
    English Only and U.S. College Composition
    College Composition and Communication
  97. Kang (2015)
    Tensions of Local and Global: South Korean Students Navigating and Maximizing U…
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  98. Kubota, Ryuko. “The Multi/Plural Turn, Postcolonial Theory, and Neoliberal Multiculturalism: Complicities …
     ↗
  99. Kynard (2013)
    Literacy/Literacies Studies and the Still-Dominant White Center
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  100. Lyons, Scott Richard.X-Marks: Native Signatures of Assent. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 2010. Print. http…
     ↗
  101. McNamara (2018)
    Diminishing Returns at Corporate U: Chinese Undergraduates and Composition’s Ac…
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  102. Pavlenko, Aneta. “‘We Have Room for but One Language Here’: Language and National Identity in the US at the…
     ↗
  103. Pennycook, Alastair.Language as a Local Practice. New York: Routledge, 2010. Print. https://doi.org/10.4324/…
     ↗
  104. ---. “Mobile Times, Mobile Terms: The Trans-Super-Poly-Metro Movement.”Sociolinguistics: Theoretical Debates.…
     ↗
  105. Prior, Paul A.Writing/Disciplinarity: A Sociohistoric Account of Literate Activity in the Academy. Mahwah: L…
     ↗
  106. Rosa, Jonathan, and Nelson Flores. “Unsettling Race and Language: Toward a Raciolinguistic Perspective.”Lang…
     ↗
  107. Smitherman (1999)
    CCCC's Role in the Struggle for Language Rights
    College Composition and Communication
  108. Horner, Brice Nordquist, and Susan M. Ryan. Boulder: UP of Colorado, 2017. 172–90. Print. https://doi.org/10…
     ↗
  109. Wortham, Stanton, and Angela Reyes.Discourse Analysis Beyond the Speech Event. New York: Routledge, 2015. P…
     ↗
  110. Bucholtz, Mary, and Kira Hall. “All of the Above: New Coalitions in Sociocultural Linguistics.”Journal of So…
     ↗
  111. Dick, Hilary Parsons. “Making Immigrants Illegal in Small-Town USA.”Journal of LinguisticAnthropology21.1 …
     ↗
  112. Flores, Nelson. “The Unexamined Relationship Between Neoliberalism and Plurilingualism: A Cautionary Tale.…
     ↗
  113. Flores, Nelson, and Jonathan Rosa. “Undoing Appropriateness: Raciolinguistic Ideologies and Language Diversi…
     ↗
  114. Guerra, Juan C.Language, Culture, Identity and Citizenship in College Classrooms and Communities. New York: …
     ↗
  115. Horner et al. (2002)
    English Only and U.S. College Composition
    College Composition and Communication
  116. Kang (2015)
    Tensions of Local and Global: South Korean Students Navigating and Maximizing U…
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  117. Kubota, Ryuko. “The Multi/Plural Turn, Postcolonial Theory, and Neoliberal Multiculturalism: Complicities …
     ↗
  118. Kynard (2013)
    Literacy/Literacies Studies and the Still-Dominant White Center
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  119. Lyons, Scott Richard.X-Marks: Native Signatures of Assent. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 2010. Print. http…
     ↗
  120. McNamara (2018)
    Diminishing Returns at Corporate U: Chinese Undergraduates and Composition’s Ac…
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  121. Pavlenko, Aneta. “‘We Have Room for but One Language Here’: Language and National Identity in the US at the…
     ↗
  122. Pennycook, Alastair.Language as a Local Practice. New York: Routledge, 2010. Print. https://doi.org/10.4324/…
     ↗
  123. ---. “Mobile Times, Mobile Terms: The Trans-Super-Poly-Metro Movement.”Sociolinguistics: Theoretical Debates.…
     ↗
  124. Prior, Paul A.Writing/Disciplinarity: A Sociohistoric Account of Literate Activity in the Academy. Mahwah: L…
     ↗
  125. Rosa, Jonathan, and Nelson Flores. “Unsettling Race and Language: Toward a Raciolinguistic Perspective.”Lang…
     ↗
  126. Smitherman (1999)
    CCCC's Role in the Struggle for Language Rights
    College Composition and Communication
  127. Horner, Brice Nordquist, and Susan M. Ryan. Boulder: UP of Colorado, 2017. 172–90. Print. https://doi.org/10…
     ↗
  128. Wortham, Stanton, and Angela Reyes.Discourse Analysis Beyond the Speech Event. New York: Routledge, 2015. P…
     ↗
  129. Bucholtz, Mary, and Kira Hall. “All of the Above: New Coalitions in Sociocultural Linguistics.”Journal of So…
     ↗
  130. Dick, Hilary Parsons. “Making Immigrants Illegal in Small-Town USA.”Journal of LinguisticAnthropology21.1 …
     ↗
  131. Flores, Nelson. “The Unexamined Relationship Between Neoliberalism and Plurilingualism: A Cautionary Tale.…
     ↗
  132. Flores, Nelson, and Jonathan Rosa. “Undoing Appropriateness: Raciolinguistic Ideologies and Language Diversi…
     ↗
  133. Guerra, Juan C.Language, Culture, Identity and Citizenship in College Classrooms and Communities. New York: …
     ↗
  134. Horner et al. (2002)
    English Only and U.S. College Composition
    College Composition and Communication
  135. Kang (2015)
    Tensions of Local and Global: South Korean Students Navigating and Maximizing U…
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  136. Kubota, Ryuko. “The Multi/Plural Turn, Postcolonial Theory, and Neoliberal Multiculturalism: Complicities …
     ↗
  137. Kynard (2013)
    Literacy/Literacies Studies and the Still-Dominant White Center
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  138. Lyons, Scott Richard.X-Marks: Native Signatures of Assent. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 2010. Print. http…
     ↗
  139. McNamara (2018)
    Diminishing Returns at Corporate U: Chinese Undergraduates and Composition’s Ac…
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  140. Pavlenko, Aneta. “‘We Have Room for but One Language Here’: Language and National Identity in the US at the…
     ↗
  141. Pennycook, Alastair.Language as a Local Practice. New York: Routledge, 2010. Print. https://doi.org/10.4324/…
     ↗
  142. ---. “Mobile Times, Mobile Terms: The Trans-Super-Poly-Metro Movement.”Sociolinguistics: Theoretical Debates.…
     ↗
  143. Prior, Paul A.Writing/Disciplinarity: A Sociohistoric Account of Literate Activity in the Academy. Mahwah: L…
     ↗
  144. Rosa, Jonathan, and Nelson Flores. “Unsettling Race and Language: Toward a Raciolinguistic Perspective.”Lang…
     ↗
  145. Smitherman (1999)
    CCCC's Role in the Struggle for Language Rights
    College Composition and Communication
  146. Horner, Brice Nordquist, and Susan M. Ryan. Boulder: UP of Colorado, 2017. 172–90. Print. https://doi.org/10…
     ↗
  147. Wortham, Stanton, and Angela Reyes.Discourse Analysis Beyond the Speech Event. New York: Routledge, 2015. P…
     ↗
  148. Bucholtz, Mary, and Kira Hall. “All of the Above: New Coalitions in Sociocultural Linguistics.”Journal of So…
     ↗
  149. Dick, Hilary Parsons. “Making Immigrants Illegal in Small-Town USA.”Journal of LinguisticAnthropology21.1 …
     ↗
  150. Flores, Nelson. “The Unexamined Relationship Between Neoliberalism and Plurilingualism: A Cautionary Tale.…
     ↗
  151. Flores, Nelson, and Jonathan Rosa. “Undoing Appropriateness: Raciolinguistic Ideologies and Language Diversi…
     ↗
  152. Guerra, Juan C.Language, Culture, Identity and Citizenship in College Classrooms and Communities. New York: …
     ↗
  153. Horner et al. (2002)
    English Only and U.S. College Composition
    College Composition and Communication
  154. Kang (2015)
    Tensions of Local and Global: South Korean Students Navigating and Maximizing U…
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  155. Kubota, Ryuko. “The Multi/Plural Turn, Postcolonial Theory, and Neoliberal Multiculturalism: Complicities …
     ↗
  156. Kynard (2013)
    Literacy/Literacies Studies and the Still-Dominant White Center
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  157. Lyons, Scott Richard.X-Marks: Native Signatures of Assent. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 2010. Print. http…
     ↗
  158. McNamara (2018)
    Diminishing Returns at Corporate U: Chinese Undergraduates and Composition’s Ac…
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  159. Pavlenko, Aneta. “‘We Have Room for but One Language Here’: Language and National Identity in the US at the…
     ↗
  160. Pennycook, Alastair.Language as a Local Practice. New York: Routledge, 2010. Print. https://doi.org/10.4324/…
     ↗
  161. ---. “Mobile Times, Mobile Terms: The Trans-Super-Poly-Metro Movement.”Sociolinguistics: Theoretical Debates.…
     ↗
  162. Prior, Paul A.Writing/Disciplinarity: A Sociohistoric Account of Literate Activity in the Academy. Mahwah: L…
     ↗
  163. Rosa, Jonathan, and Nelson Flores. “Unsettling Race and Language: Toward a Raciolinguistic Perspective.”Lang…
     ↗
  164. Smitherman (1999)
    CCCC's Role in the Struggle for Language Rights
    College Composition and Communication
  165. Horner, Brice Nordquist, and Susan M. Ryan. Boulder: UP of Colorado, 2017. 172–90. Print. https://doi.org/10…
     ↗
  166. Wortham, Stanton, and Angela Reyes.Discourse Analysis Beyond the Speech Event. New York: Routledge, 2015. P…
     ↗
  167. Bucholtz, Mary, and Kira Hall. “All of the Above: New Coalitions in Sociocultural Linguistics.”Journal of So…
     ↗
  168. Dick, Hilary Parsons. “Making Immigrants Illegal in Small-Town USA.”Journal of LinguisticAnthropology21.1 …
     ↗
  169. Flores, Nelson. “The Unexamined Relationship Between Neoliberalism and Plurilingualism: A Cautionary Tale.…
     ↗
  170. Flores, Nelson, and Jonathan Rosa. “Undoing Appropriateness: Raciolinguistic Ideologies and Language Diversi…
     ↗
  171. Guerra, Juan C.Language, Culture, Identity and Citizenship in College Classrooms and Communities. New York: …
     ↗
  172. Horner et al. (2002)
    English Only and U.S. College Composition
    College Composition and Communication
  173. Kang (2015)
    Tensions of Local and Global: South Korean Students Navigating and Maximizing U…
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  174. Kubota, Ryuko. “The Multi/Plural Turn, Postcolonial Theory, and Neoliberal Multiculturalism: Complicities …
     ↗
  175. Kynard (2013)
    Literacy/Literacies Studies and the Still-Dominant White Center
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  176. Lyons, Scott Richard.X-Marks: Native Signatures of Assent. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 2010. Print. http…
     ↗
  177. McNamara (2018)
    Diminishing Returns at Corporate U: Chinese Undergraduates and Composition’s Ac…
    Literacy in Composition Studies
  178. Pavlenko, Aneta. “‘We Have Room for but One Language Here’: Language and National Identity in the US at the…
     ↗
  179. Pennycook, Alastair.Language as a Local Practice. New York: Routledge, 2010. Print. https://doi.org/10.4324/…
     ↗
  180. ---. “Mobile Times, Mobile Terms: The Trans-Super-Poly-Metro Movement.”Sociolinguistics: Theoretical Debates.…
     ↗
  181. Prior, Paul A.Writing/Disciplinarity: A Sociohistoric Account of Literate Activity in the Academy. Mahwah: L…
     ↗
  182. Rosa, Jonathan, and Nelson Flores. “Unsettling Race and Language: Toward a Raciolinguistic Perspective.”Lang…
     ↗
  183. Smitherman (1999)
    CCCC's Role in the Struggle for Language Rights
    College Composition and Communication
  184. Horner, Brice Nordquist, and Susan M. Ryan. Boulder: UP of Colorado, 2017. 172–90. Print. https://doi.org/10…
     ↗
  185. Wortham, Stanton, and Angela Reyes.Discourse Analysis Beyond the Speech Event. New York: Routledge, 2015. P…
     ↗
  186. Bucholtz, Mary, and Kira Hall. “All of the Above: New Coalitions in Sociocultural Linguistics.”Journal of So…
     ↗
  187. Dick, Hilary Parsons. “Making Immigrants Illegal in Small-Town USA.”Journal of LinguisticAnthropology21.1 …
     ↗
  188. Flores, Nelson. “The Unexamined Relationship Between Neoliberalism and Plurilingualism: A Cautionary Tale.…
     ↗
  189. Flores, Nelson, and Jonathan Rosa. “Undoing Appropriateness: Raciolinguistic Ideologies and Language Diversi…
     ↗
  190. Guerra, Juan C.Language, Culture, Identity and Citizenship in College Classrooms and Communities. New York: …
     ↗
  191. Horner et al. (2002)
    English Only and U.S. College Composition
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