Literacy in Composition Studies Nov 2018 RSS Open Access

Achieving Visibility: Midlife and Older Women’s Literate Practices on Instagram and Blogs

Laura McGrath Kennesaw State University

Abstract

In order to contribute new knowledge about the digital literacies of midlife and older adults on social media, this study examines the literate practices of a subpopulation of Instagram users: female lifestyle Instagrammers and bloggers who self-identify as being over fifty. Survey results reveal why these women use blogs and Instagram, how they developed digital literacies, and who or what influences their practices. Case studies provide examples of the unique ways three women use Instagram to achieve visibility. Whereas most existing scholarship on visual depictions of age focuses on images that are controlled by other people (e.g., advertisers, community groups), I show how women use digital literacies and the affordances of Instagram and blog platforms to control their self-representations. Through their multimodal performances of identity, the women participate in discourses on aging and gender and pursue their goals of self-expression, inspiration, connection, and promotion.

Journal
Literacy in Composition Studies
Published
2018-11-20
DOI
10.21623/1.6.2.7
CompPile
Open Access
OA PDF Gold
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References (164) · 17 in this index

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     ↗
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  44. Lewis, Cynthia. “New Literacies.” A New Literacies Sampler. Eds. Michele Knobel and Colin Lankshear. New York…
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     ↗
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     ↗
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     ↗
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     ↗
  79. ---. @saramaijewels. Instagram. n.d. Web. 10 July 2018.
     ↗
  80. ---. “My Wrinkles Are My Stripes.”Advanced Style. Ed. Ari Seth Cohen. 20 Mar. 2015. Web. 5 May 2018.
     ↗
  81. Amicucci (2017)
    Rhetorical Choices in Facebook Discourse: Constructing Voice and Persona
    Computers and Composition
  82. Anderson, Monica, and Andrew Perrin. “Tech Adoption Climbs Among Older Adults.”Pew Research Center: Interne…
     ↗
  83. Barrett, Anne E., Alexandra Raphael, and Justine Gunderson. “Reflections of Old Age, Constructions of Aging…
     ↗
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    Examining Digital Literacy Practices on Social Network Sites
    Research in the Teaching of English
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     ↗
  90. Cohen, Ari Seth.Advanced Style. Blog. n.d. Web. 10 Apr. 2018.
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     ↗
  92. Crow, Angela.Aging Literacies: Training and Development Challenges for Faculty. Cresskill: Hampton P, 2006.…
     ↗
  93. Cruikshank, Margaret.Learning to Be Old: Gender, Culture, and Aging. 2nd ed. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, …
     ↗
  94. Djalali, Beth. @styleatacertainage. Instagram. n.d. Web. 10 Apr. 2018.
     ↗
  95. ---. “Bio.”Style at a Certain Age. Blog. n.d. Web. 10 Apr. 2018.
     ↗
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     ↗
  97. ---. “Who Takes All These Marvelous Photos?”Style at a Certain Age. Blog. n.d. Web. 25 Apr. 2018.
     ↗
  98. Dolan, Josephine, and Estella Tincknell, eds.Aging Femininities: Troubling Representations. Newcastle upon …
     ↗
  99. Donath, Judith, and danah boyd. “Public Displays of Connection.”BT Technology Journal22.4 (2004): 71-82. We…
     ↗
  100. Eynon, Rebecca, Jenny Fry, and Ralph Schroeder. “The Ethics of Online Research.”The SAGE Handbook of Online…
     ↗
  101. Fairhurst, Eileen, and Sue Baines. “Exploring Positive Images of Ageing: The Production of Calendars.”Valui…
     ↗
  102. Fawsitt, Feargus, and Annalisa Setti. “Extending the Stereotype Embodiment Model: A Targeted Review.”Transl…
     ↗
  103. Featherstone, Mike, and Andrew Wernick. “Introduction.”Images of Aging: Cultural Representations of Later L…
     ↗
  104. Featherstone, Mike, and Mike Hepworth. “Images of Positive Aging: A Case Study ofRetirement ChoiceMagazine.…
     ↗
  105. Fishman et al. (2005)
    Performing Writing, Performing Literacy
    College Composition and Communication
  106. Gendron, Tracey, et al. “The Language of Ageism: Why We Need to Use Words Carefully.”The Gerontologist56.6 …
     ↗
  107. Georgakopoulou, Alexandra. “From Narrating the Self to Posting Self(ies): A Small Stories Approach to Selfi…
     ↗
  108. Georgalou, Mariza. “Beyond the Timeline: Constructing Time and Age Identities on Facebook.”Discourse, Conte…
     ↗
  109. Givskov, Cecilie, and Marke Deuze. “Researching New Media and Social Diversity in Later Life.”New Media & S…
     ↗
  110. Gullette, Margaret Morganroth.Aged by Culture. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 2004. Print.
     ↗
  111. Hand, Martin. “Visuality in Social Media: Researching Images, Circulations and Practices.”The SAGE Handbook…
     ↗
  112. Hargittai, Eszter, and Kerry Dobransky. “Old Dogs, New Clicks: Digital Inequality in Skills and Uses Among …
     ↗
  113. Harris, Kandace L. “‘Follow Me on Instagram’ ‘Best Self’ Identity Construction and Gaze Through Hashtag Act…
     ↗
  114. Hawisher, Gail, and Cynthia Selfe. “Women and the Global Ecology of Digital Literacies.”Women and Literacy:…
     ↗
  115. Hepworth, Mike. “Images of Old Age.”Handbook of Communication and Aging Research. Eds.  Jon F. Nussbaum and …
     ↗
  116. Hockey, Jenny, and Allison James.Social Identities Across the Life Course. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 20…
     ↗
  117. Hutto, C. J., et al. “Social Media Gerontology: Understanding Social Media Usage Among Older Adults.”Web In…
     ↗
  118. Instagram. “How Do I Filter Out Comments I Don’t Want to Appear on my Posts?”Instagram Help Center. n.d. We…
     ↗
  119. Ito, Mizuko, et al.Hanging Out, Messing Around, and Geeking Out: Kids Living and Learning with New Media. C…
     ↗
  120. Ivanič, Roz.Writing and Identity: The Discoursal Construction of Identity in Academic Writing. Philadelphia…
     ↗
  121. Jones, Rodney H., and Christoph A. Hafner.Understanding Digital Literacies: A Practical Introduction. New Y…
     ↗
  122. Journet (2007)
    Inventing myself in multimodality: Encouraging senior faculty to use digital media
    Computers and Composition
  123. Kress, Gunther.Literacy in the New Media Age. New York: Routledge, 2003. Print.
     ↗
  124. Laestadius, Linnea. “Instagram.”The SAGE Handbook of Social Media Research Methods. Eds. Luke Sloan and Ana…
     ↗
  125. Leist, Anja K. “Social Media Use of Older Adults: A Mini-Review.”Gerontology59.4 (2013): 378-84. Web. 10 Ap…
     ↗
  126. Lewis, Cynthia. “New Literacies.”A New Literacies Sampler. Eds. Michele Knobel and Colin Lankshear. New Yor…
     ↗
  127. Lillis, Theresa.Socolinguistics of Writing. Edinburgh: Edinburgh UP, 2013. Print.
     ↗
  128. Love, Meredith. “Composing Through the Performative Screen: Translating Performance Studies into Writing Pe…
     ↗
  129. Marsh-Dawson, Jeanie. @jeamada. Instagram. n.d. Web. 10 Apr. 2018.
     ↗
  130. ---. “The Invisibility Myth Part 11: Coffin Dodgers Bus Tour.”The Invisibility Myth. Blog. 31 July 2017. Web.…
     ↗
  131. Marsh-Dawson, Jeanie, et al. @goldiemagazineuk. Instagram. n.d. Web. 20 Apr. 2018.
     ↗
  132. Marwick, Alice.Status Update: Celebrity, Publicity, and Branding in the Social Media Age. New Haven: Yale U…
     ↗
  133. McKee, Heidi, and Kristine Blair. “Older Adults and Community-Based Technological Literacy Programs: Benefi…
     ↗
  134. McKee, Heidi, and Dànielle Nicole DeVoss, eds.Digital Writing Research: Technologies, Methodologies, and E…
     ↗
  135. McKee, Heidi, and James E. Porter.The Ethics of Internet Research: A Rhetorical, Case-Based Process. New Yo…
     ↗
  136. Meagher, Michelle. “Against the Invisibility of Old Age: Cindy Sherman, Suzy Lake, and Martha Wilson.”Femin…
     ↗
  137. Mediakix. “What Is a Lifestyle Blogger?”Mediakix. Santa Monica: Mediakix, 5 June 2015. Web. 10 Apr. 2018.
     ↗
  138. Moody, Harry. “Overview: What Is Critical Gerontology and Why Is It Important?”Voices and Visions of Aging:…
     ↗
  139. Pecchioni, Loretta L., Hiroshi Ota, and Lisa Sparks. “Cultural Issues in Communication and Aging.”Handbook …
     ↗
  140. Pew Research Center. “Social Media Fact Sheet.”Pew Research Center:Internet & Technology. Pew Research Cent…
     ↗
  141. Pigg, Stacey. “Researching Social Media Literacies as Emergent Practice: Changes in Twitter Use After Year …
     ↗
  142. Salmons, Janet.Doing Qualitative Research Online. Thousand Oaks: SAGE, 2016. Print.
     ↗
  143. Schmidt, Jan-Hinrik. “Practices of Networked Identity.”A Companion to New Media Dynamics.Eds. John Hartley,…
     ↗
  144. Schreurs, Kathleen, Anabel Quan-Haase, and Kim Martin. “Problematizing the Digital Literacy Paradox in the …
     ↗
  145. Selfe, Cynthia L., and Gail E. Hawisher.Literate Lives in the Information Age: Narratives of Literacy from …
     ↗
  146. Shepherd (2015)
    FB in FYC: Facebook Use Among First-Year Composition Students
    Computers and Composition
  147. Shepherd (2016)
    Men, women, and Web 2.0 writing: Gender difference in Facebook composing
    Computers and Composition
  148. Smith, Aaron, and Monica Anderson.Social Media Use in 2018.Pew Research Center: Internet and Technology. 1 …
     ↗
  149. Stefonovic-Riley, Silvana. @embellish_or_perish. Instagram, n.d. Web. 10 Apr. 2018.
     ↗
  150. Stewart (2015)
    Come on in! Stepping into DMAC to become a Digital Media Dweller
    Computers and Composition
  151. Syverson, Margaret. “An Ecological View of Literacy Learning.”Literacy42.2 (2008): 109-17. Web. 4 Apr. 2018.
     ↗
  152. Tassie, Keisha Edwards, and Sonja M. Brown Givens, eds.Women of Color and Social Media Multitasking: Blogs,…
     ↗
  153. Tomlinson, Elizabeth. “First Encounters in Professional Cyberspace: Writers’ Exploration of LinkedIn.”Liter…
     ↗
  154. Townsend, Leanne, and Claire Wallace.Social Media Research: A Guide to Ethics. Aberdeen: Economic and Socia…
     ↗
  155. Twigg, Julia.Fashion and Age: Dress, the Body and Later Life. New York: Bloomsbury, 2013. Print.
     ↗
  156. Veum, Aslaug, and Linda Victoria Moland Undrum. “The Selfie as a Global Discourse.”Discourse & Society29.1 …
     ↗
  157. Warner, Julie. “Adolescents’ Dialogic Composing with Mobile Phones.”Journal of Literacy Research48.2 (2016)…
     ↗
  158. We Are Social/Hootsuite.2018 Q2 Global Digital Statshot. SlideShare, 17 Apr. 2018. Web. 5 May 2018.
     ↗
  159. Woodward, Kathleen. “Performing Age, Performing Gender.”NWSA Journal18.1 (2006): 162-89. Web. 4 Apr. 2018.
     ↗
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